![]() However, his popularity only made his political enemies more nervous about Caesar and in 50 BC the Senate, led by Pompey, ordered Caesar to disband his army and return to Rome. He is widely regarded as a pre-eminent military genius.Ĭaesar’s exploits made him popular with his soldiers and ordinary people back in Rome. The historian Plutarch claimed that Caesar’s army fought over 3 million men, of which 1 million were killed, and approximately 800 cities were destroyed in the campaign. Despite, facing forces with greater numbers of men, the superior military capabilities and tactics of the Romans enabled Caesar to make a dramatic expansion of the Roman Empire. It included modern-day France, Switzerland, Belgium, Germany and as far north as Britain. Over the next seven years, Caesar led his armies to conquer large areas of Europe. Instead, he was given command over Roman armies in northern Italy, southern France and southeastern Europe. However, this was opposed by many other senators. In 59 BC, Caesar was elected Consul to the Roman Senate, where he proposed a law to redistribute lands to the poor. Surrender of Gallic chieftains after the Battle of Alesia (52 BC) He worked as an advocate and became known for his powerful oratory. His inheritance was stripped from Caesar, leaving him with little money. ![]() He gained a good education, but when he was 16 his father died, and it left Caesar in a difficult position due to an ongoing civil war which made his family a target. Gaius Julius Caesar was born into a noble family with a long pedigree of serving the Roman Republic. He was succeeded by his adopted son Augustus Caesar who consolidated the gains of his father. He was murdered by senators on the Edes of March. Caesar’s dictatorship and cult of personality moved Rome from a republic to an autocratic state. Caesar also launched a coup against the failing Senate, and after a civil war set himself up as sole ruler and dictator. This significantly expanded the Roman Empire and accelerated the diffusion of Roman culture, into western Europe. Julius Caesar was a Roman general who conquered vast areas of land in the region of Gaul.
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